Borewell Pumps

A borewell pump, also known as a submersible pump or deep well pump, is a pump designed to be fully submerged in water within a borewell (or borehole) to draw water to the surface. Its submerged design eliminates the need for priming and is highly efficient for accessing groundwater from significant depths.

Types of Borewell Pumps

Submersible Borewell Pumps:

Openwell Submersible Pumps: Designed for open wells or sumps, not necessarily narrow borewells, but operate submerged.

V4/V6/V8/V10 Submersible Pumps: Refers to the outer diameter of the pump (in inches, approximately), indicating the size of the borewell they fit into. V4 is common for domestic, V6/V8 for agricultural/industrial.

Multi-stage Submersible Pumps: Use multiple impellers to build higher pressure, suitable for very deep wells.

Single-stage Submersible Pumps: For shallower depths or lower head requirements.

Solar Submersible Pumps: Powered by solar panels, often DC pumps.

Centrifugal Submersible Pumps: The most common type, using impellers to create centrifugal force.

Screw-type Submersible Pumps: For specific applications, often with thicker fluids or higher solids content.

Applications in Various Industries

Domestic Water Supply: Homes, apartments, housing societies.

Agricultural Irrigation: Farms, fields.

Industrial Water Supply: Factories, processing plants.

Municipal Water Supply: Water treatment plants, public water distribution.

Mining: Dewatering mines.

Construction: Dewatering construction sites.

Fire Fighting: Water supply for fire suppression systems.

Groundwater Monitoring: Environmental applications.

Material Selection Considerations

Pump Housing/Body:

• Stainless Steel (304, 316, 316L): Most common and preferred due to excellent corrosion resistance to various water chemistries, durability, and hygiene.
• Cast Iron (with coatings): For more economical options, but requires protective coatings to prevent rust.
• Bronze/Brass: Good corrosion resistance, used for specific components or in certain water types.

Impellers & Diffusers:

• Noryl (modified Polyphenylene Oxide - PPO): High-performance engineering plastic, common for impellers and diffusers due to light weight, smooth surface, and resistance to abrasion.
• Stainless Steel (304, 316): For higher performance, more abrasive conditions, or higher temperatures.
• Bronze: Good for abrasive water and corrosion resistance.
• Shaft: Stainless steel (304, 410, 431) for strength and corrosion resistance.
• Bearings: Carbon, ceramic, or specialized polymers (e.g., PTFE-based composites) for water-lubricated journal bearings.
• Motor Casing: Stainless steel, cast iron.
• Motor Windings: Copper wire with waterproof insulation.
• Seals: Mechanical seals with faces of ceramic, carbon, or silicon carbide for durability. Elastomers (e.g., NBR) for O-rings.
• Cable: Submersible electrical cable with durable, waterproof insulation (e.g., PVC, EPDM, Neoprene).
• Fasteners: Stainless steel.
• Suction Strainer/Filter: Stainless steel or durable plastic to prevent large particles from entering the pump.
• Oil (for oil-filled motors): Food-grade or non-toxic dielectric oil.